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Research Triangle Institute prepared this final report, dated September 10, 1996, for the Department of the Air Force 30th Space Wing at Vandenberg AFB and 45th Space Wing at Patrick AFB. The report describes how RTI's risk-analysis program DAMP models "Mode-5 failure responses," defined as vehicle deviations significantly away from the intended flight line, using an impact density function with two shaping constants calibrated by trial and error against simulated malfunctions. Authors James A. Ward, Jr. and Robert M.